http://digitalrepository.fccollege.edu.pk/handle/123456789/3 ORIC 2026-08-06T00:38:30Z http://digitalrepository.fccollege.edu.pk/handle/123456789/2943 Title: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence in English Language Teaching: A Content Analysis and LearnerCentered Study Authors: Khalid, Adeel Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming educational landscapes, particularly within language learning contexts. This study explores the pedagogical applications, learner experiences, and perceived challenges of integrating AI into English language teaching and learning. Drawing on a qualitative content analysis of recent research literature (2018–2024) and a student questionnaire (N = 80), the study identifies four major themes: the advantages of AI for personalized and engaging language practice; limitations related to emotional disconnect and contextual understanding; learner preferences for blended models combining AI with human instruction; and instructional strategies integrating AI, such as flipped learning and speech recognition tools. Findings indicate that AI tools significantly support speaking and listening skills through automation, immediate feedback, and increased learner motivation. However, emotional limitations, reduced socio-cultural interaction, and underrepresentation of reading and writing skills signal critical gaps. The study highlights the need for responsible, pedagogically sound AI integration in ESL classrooms and calls for further research into AI’s role in supporting literacy development. Implications are offered for educators, AI developers, and researchers. Description: N/A 2025-06-30T00:00:00Z http://digitalrepository.fccollege.edu.pk/handle/123456789/2904 Title: Is There Any Role of Technological Inputs? A District-wise Analysis of Output Differential in Crop Secto Authors: Khan, Abdul Jalil Abstract: An investigation is performed to analyse the impact of technological inputs accompanied with traditional inputs over different periods of time on the output differential of four major crops including Wheat, Rice, Cotton and Sugarcane. Data related to different districts of the Punjab province have been used to conduct the study. A multivariate statistical analysis is applied for this purpose, in which principal component (factor) analyses is carried out as a first step to reduce the dimensionalities in the data and to obtain the ranking of districts in two phases of time i.e., 1971-75 and 2001-05. Further analysis is made by developing indices on the basis of few selected top and low ranked districts four each; along with one more district as a special case due to pronounced improvement in its ranking. Technological inputs showed consistency and significant contribution towards crop output over the time with some district wise differentials. Description: N/A 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://digitalrepository.fccollege.edu.pk/handle/123456789/2896 Title: SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF POPULATION CHANGE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN AND JAPAN Authors: Ahmad, Hafiz Rizwan; Butt, Ahsan; Khan, Abdul Jalil Abstract: This paper analyzes and compares socio-economic consequences of demographic change in Pakistan and Japan. Using data from 1950-2050, our comparison shows that speed of demographic transition is much faster in Japan while Pakistan is experiencing a much favorable age structure and other demographic ratios, which provide a window of demographic dividend in future. Moreover, Shapley’s GDP breakdown approach is used to help us understand how marginal changes in labor productivity, effective employment and age structure are transformed into per capita GDP growth for both the countries. Our results show that despite larger increase in population, all three factors, i.e. labor productivity, effective employment and age structure have contributed positively towards per capita GDP growth in Pakistan. While in the case of Japan, a decline in the share of working age population (WAP) has contributed negatively towards per capita GDP growth, which is compensated by a remarkable growth in labor productivity. Description: N/A 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://digitalrepository.fccollege.edu.pk/handle/123456789/2895 Title: Is It Feasible for Pakistan to Use Domestic Currency for International Settlements Authors: RIAZ, RABIA; KHAN, ABDUL JALIL; AHMAD, HAFIZ RIZWAN Abstract: The main objective of this study is to analyze four different currencies-based exchange rates by considering major trading partners of Pakistan and evaluate whether Pakistani Rupee (PKR) as a potential candidate for international settlement remain more stable or not. Since the exchange rate instability and large depreciation in terms of United States Dollar (USD) has instigated the policy makers to explore the ways to reduce the dependence over USD for all kinds of international settlement. This study has analyzed more than fifty years monthly data ranging from January 1970 to December 2023 considering four currencies USD, PKR, CHY (Chinese Youan) and SDR (Special Drawing Rights) based exchange rates. Initially GARCH(1,1) models are applied to measure the exchange rate risk and instability than panel data fixed effect models are estimated to evaluate various models including exchange rate volatility, trade balance, export and imports functions, international liquidity and international reserves. The main findings of this study appear to affirm our objective that it is beneficial for Pakistan to trade with major trade-partners in their respective domestic currency and ensure long term exchange rate stability with low risk. Comparatively Chinese Yuan may be more suitable if vehicle currency is indispensable especially in case if target is to accumulate both the international reserves and international liquidity. Consequently, the policy maker should design those policies that may encourage the scope of domestic currency use at least when Pakistan is trading with major trade-partners. Description: N/A 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z